Or better yet, a Javascript page.į = foot of perpendicular from P to the central meridian. This will get very complicated, but themath, although tedious, is only algebra and trigonometry. It would sure benice if someone wrote a spreadsheet to do this. (Before satellites, observing thosedifferences was a principal method for determining the exact shape of theearth.) Converting Latitude and Longitude to UTM For other latitudes multiply by cos(lat).Distances for degrees, minutes and seconds in latitude are very similarand differ very slightly with latitude. 366 minutes = 22 seconds, so the final result is 30 degrees 15 minutes 22secondsĪ degree of longitude at the equator is 111.2 kilometers. Use only the whole number part of mm in the final result. Here ff =the fractional part of a decimal degree. (dd + mm/60 +ss/3600) to Decimal degrees (dd.ff)ĭd = whole degrees, mm = minutes, ss = secondsĮxample: 30 degrees 15 minutes 22 seconds = 30 + 15/60 + 22/3600 = 30.2561ĭecimal degrees (dd.ff) to (dd + mm/60 +ss/3600)įor the reverse conversion, we want to convert dd.ff to dd mm ss. (arXiv:1002.1417) Converting Between Decimal Degrees, Degrees, Minutes and Seconds, andRadians Karney (2010) Transverse Mercator with an accuracy of a few nanometers. Each has advantages anddisadvantages. These have been entirely superseded by Charles F. ArmyTechnical Manual TM 5-241-8 (complete citations below). GeologicalSurvey Professional Paper 1395 and U. Previously, the two basic references for converting UTM and geographic coordinates wereU.S. Also, old World War II era maps of Europe apparently used a single gridfor all of Europe and grids in some areas are wildly tilted with respect tolatitude and longitude. I saw US military maps of Germanyshift their UTM grids by about 300 meters when a more modern datum was used forthe maps. This means that different maps will have different grids depending on thedatum used (model of the shape of the earth). UTM grids, on the other hand, are created by laying a square grid on theearth. But there is no way to determine your UTM coordinatesexcept by calculation. If you can see the stars andhave a sextant and a good clock set to Greenwich time, you can find yourlatitude and longitude. Latitude is determined by the earth's polar axis.Longitude is determined by the earth's rotation. I get enough inquiries on this subject that I decided to create a page forit.Ĭaution! Unlike latitude and longitude, there is no physical frame ofreference for UTM grids. Help! My Data Doesn't Look Like A UTM Grid! New! Javascript-Convert Between Geographic and UTM Coordinates Steven Dutch, Professor Emeritus, Natural and Applied Sciences, Universityof Wisconsin - Green Bay * See ChangeLog for information on the currently implemented releases of NADCON and VERTCON.Converting UTM to Latitude and Longitude (Or Vice Versa) Orthometric Height Height Transformations (VERTCON).Latitude,Longitude,and Ellipsoid Height Transformations (NADCON).State Plane Coordinates, NAD 27 (GPPCGP 2.0).State Plane Coordinates, NAD 83 (SPC83 2.1).Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates (UTMS 2.1).NCAT incorporates the capabilities of the following NGS computer programs, which originally were stand-alone products: Only orthometric-to-orthometric and ellipsoidal-to-ellipsoidal height transformations are currently possible in NCAT. Please note that, although either orthometric or ellipsoidal heights can be used as inputs to NCAT, at this time NCAT does not convert between orthometric and ellipsoidal heights. NADCON and VERTCON provide local error estimates for each transformation, and do not support transformations which are outside the boundaries of the supported areas (generally, CONUS, Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and the US Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and Guam and Northern Mariana Islands). Transformations are provided for a wide range of frames/datums and regions in the National Spatial Reference System. NCAT currently uses NADCON* to perform three-dimensional (latitude, longitude, ellipsoid height) coordinate transformations and VERTCON* to perform orthometric height transformations. For coordinate conversion, NCAT allows conversion between lat/long/height, SPC, UTM, XYZ, and USNG systems. NGS Coordinate Conversion and Transformation Tool (NCAT) allows users to easily convert between different coordinate systems and/or transform between different reference frames and/or datums, in a single step.
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